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CHORAL MUSIC REVIEW

Schola Cantorum San Francisco

Pacific Collegium

October 15, 2006


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High Hopes

By Jonathan Rhodes Lee

This weekend, two of the Bay Area’s sacred-music vocal ensembles joined forces in three performances of Renaissance choral works by William Byrd and Thomas Tallis. Although not completely without technical and presentational flaws, the performance on Sunday at Burlingame's Mercy Center was impressive enough to incite hope for future collaborative efforts between Pacific Collegium and Schola Cantorum San Francisco.

The centerpiece of the program — and doubtless the inspiration behind the partnership — was the presentation of Tallis’ grand 40-voice motet, Spem in Alium. Offering it as the last piece before intermission, Pacific Collegium Director Christopher Kula invited audience members to sit in the opposing choir stalls situated between the alter and congregational pews at Mercy Center. The resulting stereophony mirrored, in miniature, the effects of the work’s 1561 presentation in the octagonal gallery of Nonsuch Palace in Surrey, the presumed location of its first performance.

The phenomenon of being in the center of a 40-part polyphony veritably obliterated any sense of critical distance. You became increasingly immersed “within” the work. Without a score or the usual visual clues that you subconsciously use when sitting several hundred feet in front of a performing ensemble, the contrapuntal interplay between the variously staggered choirs was unpredictable and thrilling. If for this reason alone, Mercy Center may well have been the best location in the Bay Area for the presentation of this type of antiphonal work.

Set on the staggeringly beautiful grounds of Kohl Mansion, the building’s interfaith chapel served as an ideal space for this event, both acoustically (the room boasts a lovely resonance for its modest size, despite a healthy swath of thick carpet that covers most of its flooring) and symbolically. Both Tallis and Byrd embodied the religious strife that plagued Britain during the latter half of the 16th century, Tallis for his renowned ambiguity where questions of religious affiliation arose, and Byrd for his equally famous, staunch recusancy. The Mercy Center, with its overtly Catholic iconography and architecture and its espoused ecumenical and nondenominational status, served as an apt metaphor for these religious associations.

Technical difficulties

Apart from Spem in Alium, the ensembles presented other ecclesiastical works from both the English and Latin services. The Schola Cantorum San Francisco opened the program with Tallis’ O nata lux. The work’s primarily homophonic texture may deceive some listeners into deeming it “simple,” but the motet’s rapid, frequent, and distant modulations belie such assertions. Unfortunately, Schola didn’t quite prove itself up to the challenge on Sunday afternoon. Curiously, there was an inexplicable soprano dominance to the balance, which is odd, given that there were nine men on stage (three of them altos) and only four women. The inclination is to blame the imbalance on acoustical properties of the church, and its plush carpeting. But later works on the program demonstrated both groups’ ability to muster up more sound from the bottom ranks of the ensemble.


Schola Cantorum San Francisco

There was also noticeable sagging in pitch at the modulatory cadences, including contributions on inner lines from some singers who were slightly fuzzy about exactly where their lines were supposed to go. The unfortunate result of this sag was a somewhat quieted and uncomfortable approach to what is optimally heard as a sudden and, to modern ears, wildly unorthodox modulation. John Renke, the ensemble’s director, must have sensed this shift himself. He provided a pitch from the pitch pipe before the inception of the second quatrain, which tellingly began monophonically on the same pitch as the preceding cadence’s soprano line. Considering the technical challenges posed by the work, you might question the wisdom of its placement first on the program.

The Schola’s next two contributions also possessed their share of technical disappointments. Consistent soprano “scooping” at the beginning of points of imitation clearly interfered with the answering parts’ ability to enter securely. This marred In ieiunio et fletu throughout its presentation. The following motet, Laetentur coeli, fared substantially better in its homophonic and rhythmically vital sections, which the ensemble presented with real flair and joyfulness. However, there was still some muddled polyphony and questionable diction in the work’s more imitative sections. Considering the type of resonance in the Mercy Center chapel, you might blame this confusion on an overly ambitious tempo for the final couplet. Finally, the group’s printed translations did not include the connective plainchant material that they included in this last work, which led to confused program ruffling from more than one section of the audience.

Living up to their reputation

With the Schola’s fourth presentation, Byrd’s Ne irascaris Domine, we finally heard the finesse and refinement that have garnered the ensemble’s reputation as “equal to the best of the mixed-voice choirs in Great Britain” (according to the evening’s program notes). The ensemble boasted much better textual clarity, and polyphonic lines were rendered with glassy precision. This was especially noteworthy in those difficult passages where two homophonic lines have to maintain integrity against a polyphonically set second homophonic duet. The lower voices, if previously overshadowed, had their moment to shine at the close of this motet. Careful tuning and a beautifully produced vocal unity at the text Sion deserta facta est (“Zion has become a desert”) created a thrillingly “warm” sonority. (Forgive the pun.)

The younger of the two ensembles, Pacific Collegium, presented a slightly more modest selection of two works by Tallis without collaboration from the Schola. The group began with one of Tallis’s English motets, If ye love me, presented with remarkable suavity. Ave Dei Patris filia highlighted the ability of the ensemble’s 22 youthful members to produce a clean, full choral sound. The sonorities produced for the motet’s final Amen section were crisp, perfectly in tune, and offered with a unity of vowel production that would be the envy of many choral ensembles. These stellar choral moments were somewhat robbed by the far less polished three- and four-part polyphony performed intermittently by soloists drawn from within the ensemble. They suffered from an imbalance similar to Schola’s difficulties earlier in the evening. Nonetheless, the ensemble’s overall choral excellence was more than enough to compensate for these small sectional shortcomings, which will doubtless be ironed out as the ensemble matures.

More highlights

The concert’s second half provided the true highlights of the evening. The Schola firmly came into its element with Byrd’s Mass for Five Voices. Indeed, we heard a different choir than in the first half of the program: perfectly cohesive sound throughout the Mass, beautifully blended part singing, and particularly beautiful interplay between small ensemble and full choir in the work’s Benedictus. The two choirs collaborated for the final work on the program, Byrd’s setting of the Great Service. Curiously, the program’s printed texts omitted the final lines of the Magnificat (the Minor Doxology), once again confusing a number of attendees.

Aside from this small extramusical mishap, however, you would be hard pressed to find anything other than praise for this final contribution. Throughout the Great Service, the two ensembles, standing across from each another in the chapel’s choir stalls, formed a remarkably well-integrated single group, and produced a transcendent sonic quality more than the sum of their parts. If the performance of Great Service and Spem in Alium are any indication, we in the Bay Area can only hope that we have witnessed the beginning of a long and fruitful collaborative partnership between the two groups.

(Jonathan Rhodes Lee studied harpsichord in New York, San Francisco, and the Netherlands. He is currently enrolled in the graduate program in Historical Musicology at UC Berkeley.)

©2006 Jonathan Rhodes Lee, all rights reserved